Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Game theory has emerged as a brand new approach to model and analyse several problems of wireless sensor networks, such as\r\nrouting, data collection, and topology control. Recently, a novel clustering mechanism called clustered routing for selfish sensors\r\n(CROSS) has been proposed based on game theory.The sensor nodes, which are modelled as players, join in a clustering game to\r\ncampaign for cluster heads with an equilibrium probability. However, the CROSS algorithm needs the global information of how\r\nmany nodes participate in the game at every round. Considering that this global way introduces much more packets exchange and\r\nenergy consumption, we present a Localized game theoretical clustering algorithm (LGCA). In our protocol, each node selfishly\r\nplays a localized clustering game only with its neighbours within a communication radius ????. Moreover, exactly one node can\r\nsuccessfully bid for a position of the cluster head in one district, thus achieving an optimal payoff. Simulation results show that our\r\nmethod achieves a better result compared with CROSS and LEACH in terms of network lifetime....
Electricity industry is in the midst of revolutionary transition from outdated ageing power infrastructure to an intelligent\r\nsophisticated smart grid network utilizing modern communication technologies to enhance power generation, transmission,\r\ndistribution, and consumption. Smart metering infrastructure is an integral part of the smart power grid revolution. Smart meters,\r\nin addition to their primary billing functions, serve as distributed Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes for enhancing grid\r\nreliability. Existing ad hoc routing protocols are based on single routing criterion such as hop count. This single routing metric\r\napproach can overload and deplete resource constrained smart meters along preferred paths. A protocol is needed which is aware\r\nof energy level and traffic congestion of smart metering nodes. In addition, protocol should select route based on link quality\r\nfor optimal routing. In this paper, a novel WSN ad hoc routing protocol ETL-AODV is proposed for reliable and energy efficient\r\ncommunication of smart metering nodes. Three simulation based case studies are conducted to analyze the performance of the\r\nproposed protocol, and relative comparison is provided based on four metrics: (i) packet delivery ratio (PDR), (ii) normalized\r\nrouting load (NRL) (iii) average energy consumption and (iv) average end-to-end delay....
The eavesdropping attack is a serious security threat to a wireless sensor network (WSN) since the eavesdropping attack is\r\na prerequisite for other attacks. Conventional WSNs consist of wireless nodes equipped with omnidirectional antennas, which\r\nbroadcast radio signals in all directions and are consequently prone to the eavesdropping attacks. Different from omnidirectional\r\nantennas, directional antennas radiate radio signals on desired directions and potentially reduce the possibility of the eavesdropping\r\nattacks. In this paper, we propose a model to analyze the eavesdropping probability in both single-hopWSNs and multihopWSNs\r\nwith omnidirectional antennas and directional antennas.We verify the correctness of our analytical model by conducting extensive\r\nsimulations.We have found that using directional antennas in either single-hopWSNs or multihopWSNs can significantly reduce\r\nthe eavesdropping probability.The reason of the improved security ofWSNswith directional antennas lies in (i) the smaller exposure\r\nregion of a directional antenna and (ii) the fewer hops to route a packet due to the longer transmission range of a directional antenna.\r\nOur results have also shown that the security improvement factor heavily depends on the node density, the antenna beamwidth,\r\nand the signal path loss factor....
The significant difference between traditional electric power system and smart grid is the cooperative control of power flows and\r\ninformation flows. With a large number of secondary equipments accessed into smart grid, the electric power communication\r\nnetwork becomes one type of ubiquitous data-centric sensor networks. Real-time and reliable multicast services are required for\r\npower system�s stable operation.Multiple Protocols Label Switching (MPLS) with its traffic engineering capabilities has emerged as a\r\npowerful tool to provideQoS support in backbone transmission networks. But previous MPLS unicast andmulticast protocols have\r\ncommon disadvantages, not scalable enough, especially for various intelligent electronic devices following distributed generators\r\nfrequently accessed into smart grid. To overcome the problems of overfull labels consuming bandwidth and prolonging delay,\r\nthis paper proposed a novel labels dispatching mechanism based on Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) and message injecting\r\nand headward impelling technologies. Based on a set of accurate mathematical analyses and simulation experiments in a typical\r\ndistributed power system scenario, the new mechanism could effectively reduce the total number of labels and overheads, save\r\nbandwidth, and shorten the multicast tree establishing time. The good scalability can adapt much better to ubiquitous and thick\r\nelectrical advanced metering application....
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